What Happened to My
Corner Store? An Examination of the Potential for Low Energy or Zero Energy
Buildings in the Retail Food Market
There are two documents under this title, a
set of slides and a full paper.
The slides present the main concepts in the paper but provide
additional new data that is not in the paper. This data describes what is happening in this submarket
that is moving the large players in the retail food market in the direction
of low energy buildings. The
paper examines the retail food sales market and the potential for low energy
and zero energy buildings in that market. The paper discusses patterns of ownership, operation, and
decision-making and the importance of these for developing strategies to
promote energy efficiency. The study
describes the important segments and the value propositions that influence
interest in energy efficiency and drive decision-making for these
segments. Finally, the paper
describes trends in store construction and design including the potential for
zero or low energy buildings to be represented in the market. This paper and the slides were originally
presented at the ACEEE Summer Study, Asilomar California, August 2006. The paper can be found in the
proceedings of that conference. An Inside Look at a
U.S. Department of Energy Impact Evaluation Framework for Deployment Programs
This paper and the slides immediately
following from the October 2005 Meetings of the American Evaluation
Association present a new framework for designing impact evaluations for the
U.S. Department of EnergyÕs (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
(EERE). The approach is a
theory-based approach to impact evaluation that could be used by its
deployment programs for evaluating energy savings and market effects with
credible attribution of impacts (DOE forthcoming). The purpose of this paper
is to describe the framework and its research design. The framework also
provides information for program improvement in a consistent and structured
manner. It joins Everett RogersÕ diffusion of innovation theory with logic
models to examine linkages between program activities, target audiences,
behavioral and institutional changes, and energy savings or adoption of
cleaner energy sources. Using the frameworkÕs templates, a program can
describe its outcome goals and program logic, as well as identify key outcome
questions and indicators (metrics). Evaluators could use the framework to
understand where to look within the program logic for measured outcomes such
as sales or adopted technologies and practices. Finally, by using the framework
a causal link between the program and outcomes can be tested and alternative
explanations investigated. An Inside Look at
a U.S. Department of Energy Impact Evaluation Framework for Deployment
Programs This paper was presented at the ACEEE Summer
Study, Asilomar California, August 2006 and can be found in the proceedings
of that conference. Developing a
generic logic model with an embedded theory of change for use in a
multiprogram environment
The Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy of the US Department of Energy (DOE-EERE) is attempting to encourage
its delivery programs to use logic modeling to increase the transparency of
its programs, to aid in strategic planning, to measure performance, and to
increase accountability. Like
many intervention programs, EERE has tended to focus performance measurement
on outputs and estimated long-term impacts while minimally articulating a
theory of how program outputs will produce the desired long-term
impacts. To aid program managers
in developing logic models that clearly demonstrate what occurs in outcome
space, the authors have developed generic logic models that emphasize
information use, decision-making, implementation behaviors, confirmation and
contagion based on RogersÕ Diffusion of Innovation. The generic models are described along with a discussion
of how the generic models help program managers better understand the market
environment and to more effectively measure and demonstrate program outcomes. Generic Logic models for
Federal Program Delivery and Diffusion of Innovation This paper was originally presented at the
Meetings of the American Evaluation Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
October 2005. Innovologie urges
evaluators to broaden their focus Solutions leading to energy efficiency are embedded in a physical
and social co ntext. This paper discusses issues that arise when taking into
account the larger societal context and to discuss the need for energy
evaluators to broaden the scope of their thinking and to bring to bear their
skills to influence local, regional, national, and international policies to
reduce societal energy use.
Current efficiency efforts may result in more efficient new
residential and commercial buildings that reduce the rate of growth in energy
consumption. Future efforts may
result in net-zero energy buildings.
Even with these savings, the geographic placement of such buildings
and the nature of designs may result in huge energy expenditures to both
construct infrastructure and transport the workforce that uses the building
to and from the building. The
energy burden imposed by locational decisions may far exceed the energy
savings from making a building more efficient. Without analysis of the energy implications of siting and
infrastructure development and action to implement more energy efficient
policies, we may create a landscape dotted with efficient buildings whose use
cause increased use of energy.
The paper contains concrete analytic examples from the commercial
building sector showing how the energy use from locational and other policy
decisions associated with a commercial building can outweigh the energy to be
saved from making commercial buildings more efficient. This paper was
originally published in the proceedings of the International Energy Program
Evaluation Conference, August 2005, Brooklyn, New York |
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